USA: Maintaining momentum

Research needs and opportunities. Maintaining the momentum.

Mitochondrial regulation of β-cell function: maintaining the momentum for insulin release

All forms of diabetes share the common etiology of insufficient pancreatic β-cell function to meet peripheral insulin demand. In pancreatic β-cells, mitochondria serve to integrate the metabolism of exogenous nutrients into energy output, which ultimately leads to insulin release. As such, mitochondrial dysfunction underlies β-cell failure and the development of diabetes. Mitochondrial regulati...

Simultaneous control of orbital angular momentum and beam profile in two-mode polarization-maintaining fiber.

We report simultaneous control of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and beam profile of vortex beams generated in two-mode polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Two higher-order eigenmodes of the fiber are combined to form optical vortices. Reduced coherence between the fiber modes decreases the mode purity. Varying the coherence of the fiber modes changes the average OAM while maintaining a...

Maintaining participation and momentum in longitudinal research involving high-risk families.

PURPOSE The purpose of the current study was to identify and describe strategies available to optimize retention of a high-risk research cohort and assist in the recovery of study participants following participant dropout. DESIGN AND METHODS The Maternal Lifestyle Study (MLS), which investigated the effects of prenatal substance exposure (cocaine or opiates) on child outcome, is a prospectiv...

Continuously tunable orbital angular momentum generation using a polarization-maintaining fiber.

We demonstrate the generation of orbital angular momentum (OAM) in a two-mode polarization-maintaining (PM) optical fiber. We combine two linearly polarized modes of PM fiber to generate linearly polarized optical vortex beams with OAM. The average OAM can be finely varied by changing the phase between modes. We have quantitatively measured the resulting OAM to vary between ±1ℏ per photon while...